Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/204392259?client_source=feed&format=rss
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Saturday, February 25, 2012
Contraceptives Birth Control
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You can prevent pregnancy in different ways and one of them is use of birth control pills. Most doctors, after proper clinical tests, Today women have a choice when selecting birth control. Many opt for the daily pill which has been around for decades.
?
No, you?re not. The friction of the two condoms rubbing against one another actually increases the chances of the condoms breaking, making it more dangerous rather than less.There are a number of oral contraceptives that can put you at substantially greater risk of developing side effects that could adversely affect your health.
?
Generally, all birth control pills, injections and methods are effective. That?s the reason why these are out in the market in the first place.There are many choices when it comes to contraception and birth control, possibly more than you are even aware of.
Birth control and pregnancy prevention is not a new idea.
?
As the old maxim goes, all men are not created equal: in all aspects of life especially with regards to penis sizes (and shapes).There are many types of contraceptives for women today. They are found in the forms of pills, injections, diaphragms, IUDs, and more.
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A lot of young couples opt to wait a few years before beginning a family to enable them to provide a comfortable home and also have some savings and maybe a few labour-saving gadgets,This is a set of pills usually only available on prescription. The combined pill must be taken one each day for 21 days, starting on the fifth day after menstruation begins and ending on the 25th day.
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Under age sex is becoming a great problem now days. Many teenagers try to have sex, because they want to spice up their relationship. There are a lot of us who are not ready to have kids but still have sex. This is where birth control pills and devices comes in.
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Gone are the days when people relied on condoms, diaphragms, and spermicide to protect them from unwanted pregnancy. When the best time to get pregnant becomes a big question for you as a wife you should consider a few things first regarding Birth Control and Pregnancy.
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If you think that you have nothing to worry about because you exercise and diet?think again. Yes?diet and exercise can help you mitigate some of the weight gain?but if you continue doing what you?ve been doing, you?ll still gain 15-25 pounds during this period.
Read about Art competition and also read about development company and internships for college students
Source: http://www.a1article.net/health-and-fitness/contraceptives-birth-control-4758.html
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Correct protein folding
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Public release date: 24-Feb-2012[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Lynn Yarris
lcyarris@lbl.gov
510-486-5375
DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Berkeley Lab researchers identify structure of key control element behind protein misfolding that can lead to disease
The gold standard for nanotechnology is nature's own proteins. These biomolecular nanomachines macromolecules forged from peptide chains of amino acids - are able to fold themselves into a dazzling multitude of shapes and forms that enable them to carry out an equally dazzling multitude of functions fundamental to life. As important as protein folding is to virtually all biological systems, the mechanisms behind this process have remained a mystery. The fog, however, is being lifted.
A team of researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), using the exceptionally bright and powerful x-ray beams of the Advanced Light Source, have determined the crystal structure of a critical control element within chaperonin, the protein complex responsible for the correct folding of other proteins. The incorrect or "misfolding" of proteins has been linked to many diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and some forms of cancer.
"We identified, for the first time, a region within group II chaperonins we call the nucleotide-sensing loop, which detects the presence of the ATP molecules that fuel the chaperonin folding motion," says Paul Adams, a bioengineer with Berkeley Lab's Physical Biosciences Division and leading authority on x-ray crystallography who led this work. ""We knew that ATP hydrolysis is important for promoting protein folding, but we did not know how ATP activity was sensed and communicated."
Adams is the corresponding author of a paper in The EMBO Journal that describes this study, which was performed in collaboration with colleagues at MIT and Stanford. The paper is titled "Mechanism of nucleotide sensing in group II Chaperonins." Co-authoring this paper were Jose Pereira, Corie Ralston, Nicholai Douglas, Ramya Kumar, Tom Lopez, Ryan McAndrew, Kelly Knee, Jonathan King and Judith Frydman.
Chaperonins promote the proper folding of newly translated proteins and proteins that have been stress-denatured meaning they've lost their structure - by encapsulating them inside a protective chamber formed from two rings of molecular complexes stacked back-to-back. There are two classes of chaperonins, group I found in prokaryotes; and group II found in eukaryotes. Much of the basic architecture has been evolutionarily preserved across these two classes but they do differ in how the protective chamber is opened to accept proteins and closed to fold them. Whereas group I chaperonins require a detachable ring-shaped molecular lid to open and close the chamber, group II chaperonins have a built-in lid.
"We obtained crystal structures at sufficient resolution to allow us to examine, in detail, the effects that changes in nucleotides states have on ATP binding and hydrolysis in group II chaperonins," Adams says. "From these structures we see that the nucleotide-sensing loop monitors ATP binding sites for changes and communicates this information throughout the chaperonin. Functional analysis further suggests that the nucleotide-sensing loop region uses this information to control the rate of ATP binding and hydrolysis, which in turn controls the timing of the protein folding reaction."
The double-ring chaperonin complex features multiple subunits that are grouped into three domains - apical, intermediate and equatorial. For group II chaperonins, the closing of the lid for protein-folding causes all three domains to rotate as a single rigid body, resulting in conformational changes to the chamber that enable the proteins within to be folded. The synchronized rotation of the chaperonin domains is dependent upon the communication to all the subunits that is provided by the nucleotide-sensing loop. In identifying the nucleotide-sensing loop and its controlling role in group II chaperonin protein-folding, Adams and his colleagues may have opened a new avenue by which modified protein-folding activities could engineered.
"The strong relationship between incorrectly folded proteins and pathological states is well documented," Adams says. "Since ATP hydrolysis is required for protein folding, it could be possible to engineer a nucleotide-sensing loop that promotes slower or faster protein folding activity in a given chaperonin. This could, for example, be used to increase the protein folding activity of human chaperonin, or perhaps reduce the cellular accumulation of misfolded proteins that can cause disease and other problems."
A key factor that enabled Adams and his colleagues to solve the three-dimensional crystal structure of the nucleotide sensing loop and determine its pivotal role in the protein folding of group II chaperonins was the unique protein crystallography capabilities of the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology. The BCSB operates five protein crystallography beamlines for Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source (ALS), a DOE Office of Science national user facility for synchrotron radiation, and the first of the world's third generation light sources. For this particular study, Adams and his colleagues used ALS beamlines 8.2.1 and 8.2.2, which are powered by a superconducting bending magnetic to yield higher energy x-rays that are optimized for the study of single crystals of biological molecules.
In this study, Adams and his colleagues studied an archaeon chaperonin. In their followup research, they will apply what they have learned to study the chaperonin known as TRiC, which is the human chaperonin.
"We believe that chaperonins have evolved to work on specific substrates and that the rates of protein folding may vary greatly between chaperonins in different organisms," Adams says. "The structural and biochemical identification of the changes related to ATP hydrolysis provides important insights into the complex puzzle of protein folding for each type of chaperonin."
###
This work was performed as part of the Center for Protein Folding Machinery, an NIH Roadmap-supported Nanomedicine Development Center. The BCSB is supported in part by the National Institutes of Health and National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory addresses the world's most urgent scientific challenges by advancing sustainable energy, protecting human health, creating new materials, and revealing the origin and fate of the universe. Founded in 1931, Berkeley Lab's scientific expertise has been recognized with 13 Nobel prizes. The University of California manages Berkeley Lab for the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. For more, visit www.lbl.gov.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 24-Feb-2012[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Lynn Yarris
lcyarris@lbl.gov
510-486-5375
DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Berkeley Lab researchers identify structure of key control element behind protein misfolding that can lead to disease
The gold standard for nanotechnology is nature's own proteins. These biomolecular nanomachines macromolecules forged from peptide chains of amino acids - are able to fold themselves into a dazzling multitude of shapes and forms that enable them to carry out an equally dazzling multitude of functions fundamental to life. As important as protein folding is to virtually all biological systems, the mechanisms behind this process have remained a mystery. The fog, however, is being lifted.
A team of researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), using the exceptionally bright and powerful x-ray beams of the Advanced Light Source, have determined the crystal structure of a critical control element within chaperonin, the protein complex responsible for the correct folding of other proteins. The incorrect or "misfolding" of proteins has been linked to many diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and some forms of cancer.
"We identified, for the first time, a region within group II chaperonins we call the nucleotide-sensing loop, which detects the presence of the ATP molecules that fuel the chaperonin folding motion," says Paul Adams, a bioengineer with Berkeley Lab's Physical Biosciences Division and leading authority on x-ray crystallography who led this work. ""We knew that ATP hydrolysis is important for promoting protein folding, but we did not know how ATP activity was sensed and communicated."
Adams is the corresponding author of a paper in The EMBO Journal that describes this study, which was performed in collaboration with colleagues at MIT and Stanford. The paper is titled "Mechanism of nucleotide sensing in group II Chaperonins." Co-authoring this paper were Jose Pereira, Corie Ralston, Nicholai Douglas, Ramya Kumar, Tom Lopez, Ryan McAndrew, Kelly Knee, Jonathan King and Judith Frydman.
Chaperonins promote the proper folding of newly translated proteins and proteins that have been stress-denatured meaning they've lost their structure - by encapsulating them inside a protective chamber formed from two rings of molecular complexes stacked back-to-back. There are two classes of chaperonins, group I found in prokaryotes; and group II found in eukaryotes. Much of the basic architecture has been evolutionarily preserved across these two classes but they do differ in how the protective chamber is opened to accept proteins and closed to fold them. Whereas group I chaperonins require a detachable ring-shaped molecular lid to open and close the chamber, group II chaperonins have a built-in lid.
"We obtained crystal structures at sufficient resolution to allow us to examine, in detail, the effects that changes in nucleotides states have on ATP binding and hydrolysis in group II chaperonins," Adams says. "From these structures we see that the nucleotide-sensing loop monitors ATP binding sites for changes and communicates this information throughout the chaperonin. Functional analysis further suggests that the nucleotide-sensing loop region uses this information to control the rate of ATP binding and hydrolysis, which in turn controls the timing of the protein folding reaction."
The double-ring chaperonin complex features multiple subunits that are grouped into three domains - apical, intermediate and equatorial. For group II chaperonins, the closing of the lid for protein-folding causes all three domains to rotate as a single rigid body, resulting in conformational changes to the chamber that enable the proteins within to be folded. The synchronized rotation of the chaperonin domains is dependent upon the communication to all the subunits that is provided by the nucleotide-sensing loop. In identifying the nucleotide-sensing loop and its controlling role in group II chaperonin protein-folding, Adams and his colleagues may have opened a new avenue by which modified protein-folding activities could engineered.
"The strong relationship between incorrectly folded proteins and pathological states is well documented," Adams says. "Since ATP hydrolysis is required for protein folding, it could be possible to engineer a nucleotide-sensing loop that promotes slower or faster protein folding activity in a given chaperonin. This could, for example, be used to increase the protein folding activity of human chaperonin, or perhaps reduce the cellular accumulation of misfolded proteins that can cause disease and other problems."
A key factor that enabled Adams and his colleagues to solve the three-dimensional crystal structure of the nucleotide sensing loop and determine its pivotal role in the protein folding of group II chaperonins was the unique protein crystallography capabilities of the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology. The BCSB operates five protein crystallography beamlines for Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source (ALS), a DOE Office of Science national user facility for synchrotron radiation, and the first of the world's third generation light sources. For this particular study, Adams and his colleagues used ALS beamlines 8.2.1 and 8.2.2, which are powered by a superconducting bending magnetic to yield higher energy x-rays that are optimized for the study of single crystals of biological molecules.
In this study, Adams and his colleagues studied an archaeon chaperonin. In their followup research, they will apply what they have learned to study the chaperonin known as TRiC, which is the human chaperonin.
"We believe that chaperonins have evolved to work on specific substrates and that the rates of protein folding may vary greatly between chaperonins in different organisms," Adams says. "The structural and biochemical identification of the changes related to ATP hydrolysis provides important insights into the complex puzzle of protein folding for each type of chaperonin."
###
This work was performed as part of the Center for Protein Folding Machinery, an NIH Roadmap-supported Nanomedicine Development Center. The BCSB is supported in part by the National Institutes of Health and National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory addresses the world's most urgent scientific challenges by advancing sustainable energy, protecting human health, creating new materials, and revealing the origin and fate of the universe. Founded in 1931, Berkeley Lab's scientific expertise has been recognized with 13 Nobel prizes. The University of California manages Berkeley Lab for the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. For more, visit www.lbl.gov.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-02/dbnl-cpf022412.php
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The Art of Non-Conformity ? How to Write a Book
Most important: to write a good book, you need a good idea. No one wants to read a book without an idea, no matter how well written it may be. Always start with something to say.
But let?s look at the practical aspect?how do you actually write a book?
It turns out it?s not that difficult. You basically work with the time-and-money concept, where you break down exactly what you need to accomplish the desired goal. How much is required?
In this case, the money part is easy: You need exactly zero dollars. Writing a book is completely free, at least in terms of financial cost.
The time cost is variable; some people write faster than others.
Therefore, your main deliverables are chapters and words. You need to break these deliverables down and create an advantage that allows you to tackle them in small, recurring steps.
Let?s say you?re writing a non-fiction book. A good target to shoot for is twelve chapters and 60,000 words?approximately 5,000 words per chapter. Once you get in the habit, it?s fairly easy to write an average of 1,000 words a day, sometimes more.
However, most of us aren?t actually able to write a decent book in just 60 days. This is because writing a book is different from journal writing or blog post writing. Instead of just keeping your head down and pressing on, you need to constantly consider the overall arc and structure. Before you have a finished product you can be proud of, you?ll likely need to do major revisions along the way or at some point afterward.
Despite the need to think about structure, it?s also important to keep moving along however you can. One tip: don?t try to write a perfect Chapter 1, then a perfect Chapter 2, and so on. If you?re talented enough to do that, great. But many writers find it much easier to write a detailed outline first, then sketch out as many notes as possible for each chapter. When you get stuck, move on to another chapter. This helps you to get closer to your word count goal, which is the primary target in the beginning.
Because you?ll be writing a lot, accept the fact that a good portion of the words you write won?t go in the final manuscript. I wrote more than 85,000 words for my upcoming book, and we?re going to publication with about 72,000. You can sometimes reposition the extra content for something else, like an online resources area or the beginnings of another book. (Other times, outtakes are outtakes for a good reason. Let them go.)
Every day, keep working toward your quota. Worry about this quota more than worrying about brilliance. Once you get close to the quota, that?s when you go back and begin stage #2: editing and curation. What do you have that?s good here? What should be discarded? What can be reworked?
The editing process will likely take as long as the actual writing, because you can no longer ignore the parts where you get stuck and ignored the problems. Now you need to solve the problems, provide more examples, clean things up, and turn your mass of words and draft chapters into an actual book.
This process is usually either very tough or very fun. Many authors find that it?s a bit of both, depending on how things are going.
***
More than 80% of people say they want to write a book, but less than 1% do.
If you?re in the 80%, you can use this method to join the 1% and finally write your book. Don?t worry about publishers or marketing, and certainly don?t worry about skill or talent. Worry about telling your story and racking up the words.
Last month we debuted the Unconventional Guide to Publishing, which helps writers learn more about the publication process. But as I said then, you don?t need to buy this guide or anything else to write a book.
If you want to write a novel, you can also follow along with thousands of other people during national writing month. (But no need to wait for other people. Apparently books can be written at any time of year!)
If you want to write a non-fiction book, well, follow the advice above. Think of everything you know about something, then write it down. Spend at least three months on the first draft, then spend at least three months on the editing and curation process. Half a year later? you have a book.
Question: Is this your year of writing a book? How is it coming along?
Tell us here.
###
*Speaking of books, congratulations to Marianne Elliott on the publication of Zen Under Fire, a memoir of her work in Afghanistan.
*Going to SXSW in Austin? Join a group of awesome people (and me) at our annual party. Tickets are free but first come, first served over here.
Image: Mike
Source: http://chrisguillebeau.com/3x5/how-to-write-a-book/
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Friday, February 24, 2012
Discover Achievement And also Self-Improvement ? 2 Factors Of ...
One of the simple workout routines that really help on your own advancement course of action is always to verbally talk with the particular do it yourself. Studies show any time someone verbalizes a perception they will do their utmost to call home as much as that. Thoughts are different then words. Contemplating you?d probably make a move is something, whilst declaring you?d probably do it is very one more! Thus, tell your self verbally anything that you desire to further improve about the do it yourself. Training can be a distinct plus point. If you want to achieve a thing in everyday life, you should seek for that vigilantly. Think about guitar player mastering an audio lesson. It is merely as he performs that over and over hundreds of occasions that he offers acquired that. Thus, select the course of action, and exercise that every single day. Program
We have to always remember that there is no this kind of factor as ?over night time success?. Its always an awesome sensation to carry onto the things that you have currently, realizing that individuals are just one thing anyone as soon as desired. An extremely wonderful offer says that ?When students is prepared, the particular tutor can look.? We are all below to find out our own classes. Our mothers and fathers, university educators, buddies, fellow workers, officemates, neighborhood friends? they may be our own educators. When we available our own entrance doors pertaining to personal development, all of us enhance our own odds to go for the road of accomplishment.
Courses worried about self-improvement will surely assist you to drastically simply because they typically handle exactly how no one is let off from the chance of transforming or perhaps developing to turn into a better individual. These people reflect true-life circumstances, that may considerably motivate others. These training often create the sensation that it?s definately not as a disapproving attribute being requiring self-improvement as it is often one of life is fundamental desires. It shouldn?t be viewed as a sign of declining or perhaps constraint.
We have to always remember that there is no this kind of factor as ?over night time success?. Its always an awesome sensation to carry onto the things that you have currently, realizing that individuals are just one thing anyone as soon as desired. An extremely wonderful offer says that ?When students is prepared, the particular tutor can look.? We are all below to find out our own classes. Our mothers and fathers, university educators, buddies, fellow workers, officemates, neighborhood friends? they may be our own educators. When we available our own entrance doors pertaining to personal development, all of us enhance our own odds to go for the road of accomplishment.
Greater 10 years back, I acquired began on this specific voyage of personal development. The real switch in which got us began has been under-going an event of lifestyle in which some individuals pick named ?divorce?. Nevertheless even though separation and divorce has been the truly great switch I want to to acquire away my personal behind as well as enhance myself in every possible way, the particular inception of that voyage wouldn?t are already probable without having path. Your path My partner and i quite definitely essential as well really perplexing as well as all smudged amount of time in my life originated studying a new personal development connected book named ?The Strategy for Your Calm Warrior?. That transformed my life understandably. From the time your day My partner and i acquired in which book, lifestyle hasn?t already been the identical. And it is for that reason that I currently carry on and compose personal development content as well as ?m in the process of creating many personal development guides. Coaching Program
Personal development can be a combat, a continuing fight to go beyond our own weak points as well as limits.It starts with knowing our self and achieving the aspiration of getting a better lifestyle. Around the combat field we need to have proper baggage as well as armor. Select a bullet-proof armor and also this is do it yourself modify. Personal modify is about transforming our own attitude, our own actions as well as our own thought process.
Category: Uncategorized
Source: http://www.raisingspirits.org/discover-achievement-and-also-self-improvement-2-factors-of-the-coin/
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Father: 'My kid made a mistake' in school shooting
The 9-year-old boy accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school is led away after his juvenile detention hearing in Kitsap County, Wash. Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically wounding 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/The Seattle Times, Ken Lambert, Pool)
The 9-year-old boy accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school is led away after his juvenile detention hearing in Kitsap County, Wash. Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically wounding 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/The Seattle Times, Ken Lambert, Pool)
Jason Cochran, the father of the 9-year-old boy who is accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school, appears after his son's juvenile detention hearing in Kitsap County, Wash. Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically injuring 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/The Seattle Times, Ken Lambert, Pool)
Superior Court Judge Anna M. Laurie presides over the juvenile detention hearing of the 9-year-old boy accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school, in Kitsap County, Wash. Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically wounding 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/The Seattle Times, Ken Lambert, Pool)
Patrick Cochran, uncle and guardian of the 9-year-old boy who is accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school, reacts after his nephew's juvenile detention hearing in Kitsap County, Wash. Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically wounding 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/The Seattle Times, Ken Lambert, Pool)
The 9-year-old boy accused of accidentally shooting a classmate at a Bremerton, Wash. elementary school, left, appears in Kitsap juvenile court with his uncle and legal guardian, Patrick Cochran, center, and his father, Jason Cochran, Thursday, Feb. 23, 2012 in Port Orchard, Wash. Authorities say the boy brought a handgun to school Wednesday and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack, critically wounding 8-year-old Amina Kocer-Bowman. (AP Photo/Kitsap Sun, Angela Dice)
PORT ORCHARD, Wash. (AP) ? A frightened 9-year-old boy accused of accidentally shooting a classmate sat before a judge in juvenile court, crying and wearing an orange jail jumpsuit, as his father gently rubbed his back.
Thursday's scene came a day after police said the boy accidently shot a fellow third-grader, and raised questions that will be played out in the legal system: Did he know what he did was wrong? And is anyone else responsible?
Bail was set at $50,000 during the hearing where preliminary charges were filed, and ultimately the court will determine whether the case against the third-grader will continue.
An 8-year-old girl remains critically wounded.
"I just want everyone to know that my kid made a mistake. It was a terrible mistake," the boy's father, Jason Cochran, said outside the courthouse.
An uncle, Patrick Cochran, is the boy's legal guardian and also sat by his nephew's side in the courthouse. The Seattle Times reported late Thursday the boy had been released on bail. The Kitsap County Juvenile Detention Facility said it couldn't comment and a juvenile administrator did not immediately return a phone call. Court arrangements provided that the boy would be released to his uncle and placed under house arrest if bail was met.
"He's a good kid. It's all I can say," Patrick Cochran said earlier Thursday. "I apologize to the family of that girl. I really do."
Authorities say the boy brought a .45-caliber handgun he got from his mother's house to an elementary school in Bremerton on Wednesday, and the weapon discharged from inside his backpack just before classes let out, critically injuring Amina Kocer-Bowman.
Her father, John Bowman, said in a statement that if not for the quick actions of his daughter's teacher the girl would likely have died. "Had she not administered first aid and stopped the bleeding from the gunshot wound, this event would have surely been tragic," Bowman said.
The teacher, Natalie Poss, told KING-TV on Thursday night the shooting was "a teacher's worst nightmare."
She recalled hearing a loud bang, then seeing the little girl slump. Poss told students to go get help.
The teacher located the gunshot wound and applied pressure until medics arrived, telling the girl, "Stay with me, Amina!"
Todd Dowell of the Kitsap County prosecutor's juvenile division said that his office had enough information to charge the boy on Thursday. However, the child will not be arraigned until the court determines whether he has the capacity to understand that what he did was wrong.
Under state law, children between 8 and 12 years old can face charges if a court makes such a determination. A capacity hearing in this case will be scheduled in two weeks.
Kitsap County officials said both the child's mother and father have criminal records. Bremerton police Lt. Peter Fisher would not discuss whether authorities were investigating any adults in connection with Wednesday's shooting, and he wouldn't release further information about the investigation.
The boy's classmate remained in critical condition at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle after undergoing surgery for a gunshot wound. Dr. Eileen Bulger said the girl will likely be at the hospital for several weeks and face further surgeries. She was sedated and on a ventilator but has woken up and interacted with her parents. A bullet hit the girl in the abdomen and arm, according to authorities.
The boy was charged with unlawful possession of a gun, bringing a dangerous weapon to school and third-degree assault.
Authorities believe he got the weapon during a visitation with his mother over the weekend, according to charging documents released Thursday. The documents state that the boy told a classmate about five days ago that he was going to bring his "dad's gun" to school and run away. The gun discharged after the boy slammed his backpack down on a desk, the documents said.
"He has a lot of good in his heart," Poss said of the boy. "I know he didn't intend this to happen. And I know he's hurting tonight."
Court documents show Jamie Lee Chaffin, who is listed as the boy's mother in a child support case, sued the boy's father for failing to pay child support. She also has been in and out of the court system, according to court documents. In 2005, she was arrested for possession of meth in Bremerton, but pleaded guilty to a drug paraphernalia charge. She also was convicted of marijuana delivery and forgery.
Jason Cochran has been convicted multiple times for violating protection orders regarding Chaffin.
In twenty-seven states, there are some form of firearm child access prevention laws. Such laws can include criminal penalties for adults who allow children to get their hands on guns, but Washington has no such laws, according to the San Francisco-based Legal Community Against Violence.
Gail Hammer, a law professor at Gonzaga University in Spokane, said it is very rare for a child as young as 9 to be charged with a crime. Even if a young child is convicted, he wouldn't be sent to an adult prison, Hammer said.
In Olympia, the Seattle Democrat who chairs the state Senate Judiciary Committee said this case points to a lapse in state law. "We do not hold people very accountable in this state for leaving guns around the house with small children," Sen. Adam Kline said.
Kline said that he would consider a bill to address it during the next legislative session next year, but didn't sound hopeful of its chances.
There have been shootings at schools that involved younger children. In 2000, 6-year-old Kayla Rolland, a Michigan first-grader, was fatally shot by a 6-year-old classmate who brought a gun from home. That boy was not criminally charged; prosecutors said he was too young to be held responsible. Last year, a 6-year-old kindergartner at a Houston elementary school accidentally fired a gun as he was showing it off to friends, injuring three students.
Bremerton Schools spokeswoman Patty Glaser said the school where Wednesday's shooting happened, with about 400 students, was open for classes Thursday with 10 counselors available to talk with teachers, students and parents. The school is in a quiet residential neighborhood about 20 miles west of Seattle, across Puget Sound.
Patrick Cochran said the boy's grandmother adopted him, but she died a year ago and he became the child's legal guardian.
As court officers led the boy away after the hearing, his father hugged him and gave him a kiss. Both had tears in their eyes.
____
Associated Press writers Rachel La Corte in Olympia, Wash., and Nicholas K. Geranios in Spokane, Wash., contributed to this report.
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Droid X update v4.5.621.MB810 now rolling out to the masses
We've known now for quite some time that it was coming but for all you Droid X owners out there, the v4.5.621.MB810 update is now rolling out to the masses. As noted in the change log, this release covers a lot of bug fixes:
- Prevents lockups or resets after the Over the Air (OTA) update.
- OTA update notice screen displays the correct estimated update time.
- Improved browser security with the Google Security Patch from Android 2.3.6.
- Fixed issue where the device may power ON without user interaction.
- Resolved possible device resets while playing music.
- Adjusted camera settings will be saved, even after the device is powered down.
- Reduced Out of Memory errors.
- WAV files can be played from Visual Voice Mail.
- Device is enabled with the Wireless Alerting System.
- Improved stability of Music Player reduces resets.
- Shortcuts to applications remain on the device even after applications are moved to the SD card.
- Improved connectivity with 3G Mobile Hotspot data connectivity.
- Addressed error that replicated thumbnails in message threads.
- Corrected errors where Yahoo! mail notifications were not displayed properly.
- Reduced duplicate message errors.
- Improved ability to access and receive Gmail when the Mobile Hotspot is turned on.
- Sorted contact groups.
- Device recognizes Multimedia ringtones after purchase.
- Button background lighting turns off while in the desktop cradle.
It's not Ice Cream Sandwich sadly but it's a massive update either way. Go ahead and check for software updates, it should be there. If not, sit tight it will be along shortly and don't forget to drop by the Android Central Droid X forums and let us know how it's working out for you when you get it.
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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/jUtZczE8AkQ/story01.htm
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